Registration and Reference Spaces
Getting from single subject to multiple subject studies in neuroimaging required a spatial normalization process to account for differences in positioning within the scanner as well as individual differences in brain size and shape.
Comparing across studies requires some external brain space to refer to. Now we have MNI and Talairach spaces in general. Specifically there are also several different templates which are used to register to that go under the umbrella term. Whatevs.
Ways of transforming between them